It turns out the gateway drug for amphetamine addiction is a substance provided by your own brain. The culprit protein is called DAT, so named because it is a dopamine transporter — and dopamine is the feel-good, get-motivated neurotransmitter that keeps you happy, hungry, and full of energy. Just as some people are born with the ability to grow larger muscle mass than others, some are born with the ability to squirt more dopamine into their brains because they have a greater-than-average helping of DAT. People with elevated DAT levels are quite literally better at getting high than people with average levels. How do we know? A group of researchers in North Carolina and Pennsylvania recently bred a group of mice to have DAT levels three times above normal and then gave them speed. Here's what happened.
According to the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences:
Ali Salahpour and colleagues explored the impact of DAT levels on the response to amphetamines—a group of addictive chemicals closely tied with dopamine sensitivity. Amphetamines are used legally to treat ADHD, narcolepsy, and to suppress appetite, but are well-known as illicit "club" drugs and performance enhancers. To investigate the consequence of high DAT levels, the researchers developed transgenic mice with three-fold higher levels of DAT compared with unmodified animals. The authors discovered that the drug was more powerful in animals with more DAT. The dopamine-enhanced animals were more sensitive to the effects of amphetamines, becoming hyperactive and more rewarded by the drug, according to the authors.Tinkering with DAT levels is something that researchers are already trying in order to deal with things like hyperactivity and depression. Now it seems there might be a street value for DAT-enhancers. Take a hit of DAT, snort a line of speed, and you'll get more bang for your buck. Image via Paul De Koninck.













Comments
When I was a little kid, I used to imagine an "energy cone" extending from the top of my head all the way up into the cosmos (to communicate and stuff) - does that count?
Makes me wonder how long before they find a way to block the DAT transmitter so Schedule II molecules can't bond with you.
@MaxTwice: You mean like what some astrophysicists call "light cones"? Maybe--
Alt: all hail pharma.
Hummmmm,
so science is starting to merge with Philip K. Dick I see....
Interesting.....
Why do you think they call it "DOPE" amine?
Ah, to be blessed with a high DAT levels...
I feel sorry for you norms.
@Zantor: You did not just say that. You did not just pull the after-school special joke. You've just lost your humor privelages.
Reminds me of a story I read in F&SF a number of years ago. The government had passed laws forbidding anyone from using drugs to get high. So, when a person was found that naturally generated this type of drug (via his own metabolism), they implanted a device that pumped anti-high drugs into his system, counteracting his own body's drugs.
The way things seem to be going, this does not seem implausible.
@toopersent: Jimmy, you got an internet connection now? Don't tell me you want to re-enter into the business of my application, do you?
@Ghede: Comedy is not pretty.
Awesome.
+ Watch video
@mjcohen: Yes indeedies, but can the same be done from character's names in novels to fancy real estate buildings in New York Shetty????
@strider_mt2k:
AHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!
"I know you are, what am I?"
dot lady now
@Zantor: Gov Spitzer, you've reached your quota--
"A little nonsense now and then is treasured by the wisest men."
Now listen up, people. I know all this DAT stuff sounds really "cool" and "sciencey" and like Mother Nature just wants to "throw a party" in your brain, but I'm here to remind you that it's not that easy. Talent is great, talent is nice, but talent can only take you so far. There's only one way you can be sure you're gonna get good at getting high, and that's practice.
say what you will, leslie nielsen's on the boob tube tonight, followed by blazing saddles--
@moff: Thanks for being the voice of reason here.
@strider_mt2k: Praise "BOB"!!!
@moff: exactly. I worked hard to get the kind of high I get. no DAT is gonna take that away!
@moff: ::slow applause::
There is a known increase in potency of drugs if you drink grapefruit juice before taking them. That's why people taking certain drugs have to be careful not to do so--blood presure meds and whatnot. I wonder if drinking grapefruit juice before smoking weed makes for a more intense high? Any facts about this effect?
@Jeff-Minor: Jeff, I hate to get serious, because it's not funny when I do that, but since certain smart people I know weren't aware of this and it's potentially dangerous: Ingesting grapefruit juice or grapefruit in other forms does interfere with how you metabolize certain medications, and not in a cool way. [www.mayoclinic.com]
On a lighter note, I have heard that old saw many times about drinking orange juice or taking other forms of vitamin C makes your high better when you smoke weed, but I've never seen anything to indicate that it's anything more than an old wives' tale. (And by "old wives," I mean rich MILFs from Southern California who spend all day by the pool smoking joints and drinking screwdrivers.)
@Jeff-Minor:
Umm, according to my doctor, the reason not to drink grapefruit juice with my blood pressure medicine is that the juice inhibits the function of the medicine, not enhances it.
-Kle.
@Klebert L. Hall: I thought that too, but the Mayo Clinic page I linked to above explains it thusly:
"But chemicals in grapefruit interfere with the enzymes that break down (metabolize) certain drugs in your digestive system. This can result in excessively high levels of these drugs in your blood and an increased risk of serious side effects."
So while the useful effects of the drugs are technically inhibited, it's because the levels are too high. Which makes sense, because otherwise why would it be so dangerous? The grapefruit has a very general effect, rather than just happening to change a variety of medications specifically into evil poison.
This raises a question that someone here might know: When you OD are you OD'ing on the drug or the body's chemicals that are released because of the drug?
If it is the former, would this make drug use safer in relation to having a smaller chance to OD (since you won't have to take as much of the drug to have the same effect)?
Actually, if you were interested in trying this out, all you would need to do is get a Tryptophan supplement in Europe or some other less-regulated place (it is banned here in the USA). Either that or get some 5-HTP at the local vitamin store. Tryptophan is a DAT, and 5-HTP is a Tryptophan precursor. Or eat a whole turkey or A side of beef before dosing yourself.
Not that I'm condoning the whole "getting high" thing.
@clevetheripper: it is actually quite common - It is called toxication. though the only specific example I can think of off the top of my head is when you ingest wood alcohol (methanol), your body breaks it down into formaldehyde.
@pkrieger: So as long as the DAT does not metabolize into something toxic to your body you would have less of a chance to OD.
@clevetheripper: Show yourself.
@moff:
Interesting. So, it doesn't enhance the effect of the drug, it makes it stay in your system longer, and then you have too high a dose when you take it next.
-Kle.
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