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Click to viewAt the same time as Paraguay is drying up, Africa is ripping open, a slow process that will result in the emergence of a whole new ocean, according to Scientific American. The rip you see above can't be resewn — as Eitan Haddock's photographs document. Last year, scientists watched an 8 meter rip in the earth appear in only three weeks. Change is nothing new for this part of the world: researchers recently revealed that the Sahara was entirely covered in vegetation at many points during the last 120,000 years. Watch an ocean appear before your disbelieving eyes, after the jump. More »
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Here's a dried-out lake in the Chaco region of Paraguay, 400 km north of Asuncion. The region has been experiencing an unprecedented drought that's lasted months, and the government has declared a State of Emergency. (That's a dead cow in the background.) Perhaps not coincidentally, yesterday the Australia-based Global Carbon project said our global carbon output from burning fossil fuels increased 2.9 percent from 2006 to 2007 — at the very high end of scenarios that the International Panel on Climate Change had predicted. That translates to a possible rise in global temperature of 11 degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century. More »
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Click to view With the Arctic Ocean ice melting rapidly — in fact, this summer it's already at the second-lowest level on record, and still shrinking — it's time for us to start imagining what life will be like in the Arctic Circle when all the ice is gone. Some scientists predict that the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free as soon as September, but more likely it will be ice-free all summer by 2030 or 2050. What will that look like? You can see an ice-free Arctic Ocean above. And we've also got a gallery of images showing you the Arctic Ocean as it was, as it is, and as it will be. Here's the old-school Arctic Ocean, the way it looked before the 2000s when things started melting. (Satellite views via NASA/RADARSAT/Alaska Synthetic Aperture Radar Facility.) Here's a model predicting almost complete ice melt by 2050. Chart via Fullerton College And you've probably seen this image before. It's the most commonly-used infographic showing the extreme ice melting that's taken place over the past decade. The ice cap has shrunk nearly 40 percent in summers during that time, and will probably shrink more than that before this year's melting season is over in late September. Time lapse map via Wikipedia. Get used to seeing an ice-free Arctic coast. This was taken last year off the coast of Alaska. Arctic Coast via Sulekha.com. About five years ago, some scientists argued that heavy cloud cover over the Arctic would protect the ice from melting. Here is a photograph of those clouds from 2003. Sadly, the swirly clouds didn't prevent melting, and the biggest melts came in 2005 and 2007. Satellite photo of clouds over Arctic Ocean from 2003 via University of Wisconsin-Madison. A big worry for environmental scientists right now is the melting of the ice sheet on Greenland, which you can see illustrated here. Obviously, this huge ice sheet melting will raise water levels, but it will also have an effect you might not have realized: When ice melts and then refreezes, it can absorb up to four times more sunlight, and therefore will melt more easily next season and create a magnified melting effect. Greenland melt from 2005 via NASA. More »
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